1 Specifications in Program Development. - 1. 1 Programming with abstractions. - 1. 2 Finding abstractions. - 1. 3 The many roles of specification. - 1. 4 Styles of specification. - 1. 5 Formal specifications. - 2 A Little Bit of Logic. - 2. 1 Basic logical concepts. - 2. 2 Proof and consequences. - 3 An Introduction to Larch. - 3. 1 Two-tiered specifications. - 3. 2 LSL the Larch Shared Language. - 3. 3 Interface specifications. - 3. 4 Relating implementations to specifications. - 3. 5 LP the Larch proof assistant. - 3. 6 Lexical and typographic conventions. - 4 LSL: The Larch Shared Language. - 4. 1 Equational specifications. - 4. 2 Stronger theories. - 4. 3 Combining traits. - 4. 4 Renaming. - 4. 5 Stating intended consequences. - 4. 6 Recording assumptions. - 4. 7 Built-in operators and overloading. - 4. 8 Shorthands. - 4. 9 Further examples. - 5 LCL: A Larch Interface Language for C. - 5. 1 The relation between LCL and C. - 5. 2 Function specifications. - 5. 3 A guided tour through an LCL specification. - 6 LM3: A Larch Interface Language for Modula-3. - 6. 1 The relation between LM3 and Modula-3. - 6. 2 The LM3 semantic model. - 6. 3 A guided tour through an LM3 specification. - 7 Using LP to Debug LSL Specifications. - 7. 1 Semantic checks in LSL. - 7. 2 Proof obligations for LSL specifications. - 7. 3 Translating LSL traits into LP. - 7. 4 Proof mechanisms in LP. - 7. 5 Checking theory containment. - 7. 6 Checking consistency. - 7. 7 Extended example. - 7. 8 Perspective. - 8 Conclusion. - A An LSL Handbook. - A. 1 Introduction. - A. 2 Foundations. - A. 3 Integers. - A. 4 Enumerations. - A. 5 Containers. - A. 6 Branching structures. - A. 7 Maps. - A. 8 Relations. - A. 9 Graph theory. - A. 10 Properties of single operators. - A. 11 Properties of relational operators. - A. 12 Orderings. - A. 13 Lattice theory. - A. 14 Group theory. - A. 15 Number theory. - A. 16 Floating point arithmetic. - B Implementations of Example LCL Interfaces. - C Lexical Forms and Initialization Files. - D Further Information and Tools. - E Classified Bibliography. - References. Language: English